How to use the detector
- Upload or paste a UTF-8 Greek text (verse, one line per verse line).
- Configure the detection options below.
- Click Run Detector.
- Results appear below with an annotated text and an occurrence table.
Definitions
- Anaphora
- Repetition of the same word or phrase at the beginning of
consecutive verse lines. Example: πολλοί… / πολλοί… / πολλοί…
- Epiphora (Antistrophe)
- Repetition at the end of consecutive verse lines.
- Word Repetition
- Repetition of the same word or phrase at the beginning of any
clause, where clauses are delimited by punctuation (. · ; ,)
as well as line breaks. This catches figures like Apollonius's
πολλὰ δ᾽ repeated across a period boundary within the
same line or across lines. Highlighted in violet (W).
- Symploce
- A line may be highlighted for both figures simultaneously (gold start,
teal end).
- Anadiplosis
- Repetition of the phrase ending one line at the very beginning of
the next line (e.g. Homer's ...Ἄϊδι προΐαψεν, / ἡρώων, αὐτοὺς
δὲ...). Unlike the other three figures, anadiplosis is defined by
strict line-to-line adjacency and does not use the distance window
setting. The phrase length slider acts as a minimum here rather
than an exact length: the tool automatically finds and highlights the
longest matching run, so a genuine three-word repetition is
found correctly whether the slider is set to 1, 2, or 3. Highlighted in
orange (D).
Distance window
The maximum number of consecutive lines within which the repetition must
occur. A window of 2 means the same phrase must appear in two immediately
adjacent lines; a window of 4 allows up to three intervening lines.
Phrase length
How many words to compare. Length 1 matches single repeated words;
length 2 requires both the first (or last) two words to match, and so on.
Stop-word transparency
When enabled, common particles, articles and prepositions (καί, δέ, ὁ, ἡ,
γάρ, μέν, ἐν, …) at the start or end of a line are skipped when
determining the phrase to compare — but the line is still marked as
anaphora/epiphora and the table notes that a stop-word was skipped.
Normalisation options
All options affect only the comparison key; the original text is
displayed unchanged in the output.
- Strip accents — treats ά/α/ᾶ as the same for comparison.
- Strip breathings — treats ἁ/ἀ as the same.
- Strip iota subscript — treats ᾧ/ω as the same.
- Handle elision — strips trailing apostrophe before
comparison (ἀλλ' ≈ ἀλλά).
- Handle nu-movable — strips final ν when preceded by
ι or ε (ἐστίν ≈ ἐστί).